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After visiting Australia and drove on the left for one day, the question attracted my attention that why in Australia, Japan, and England people drive on the left while many countries drive on the right.
China Used Drive on the Left
The first record of traffic rules was found in China in the book "The Book of Rites" 礼记, that requires ""The right side of the road is for men, the left side for women and the center for carriages." That was in 1100 B.C. [1]
Before 1946, most places in China drive on the left, for example, Shanghai. In certain provinces in north China, people drive on the right. (Maybe at that time, "Drive" may mean drive horse-cart, instead of automobiles)
I checked old pictures of Shanghai, and confirmed that in 1930's, people really drive on the LEFT!

Image in courtesy of anactofbalance
China Changed to Right-Hand-Drive in 1946
In 1946, the Republic of China government announced that all cars in China must use the right lanes from Jan 1, 1946. This maybe the result of closer relationship with American and imported greater American cars than British cars.
So, people start to drive on the right.
There is not right or wrong - it is just part of the history.
In China, Trains Go on the Left
Believe it or not, in China, all trains still go on the left, as the early days when the railway were built in China. I guess the change to railways is much harder than change the car system. Till now, if you travel in China, you still see trains traveling on the left.
BTW, all closed system trains are right-handed, like in Shanghai Metro and Beijing Metro, the train is on the right.
There are a lot of interesting things for us to explore, isn't it?
P.S. It is also the learning that we should NOT ask questions: "Why people in the other countries drive in the WRONG way?" In this world, there are just different ways, instead of "WRONG ways".
Posted by Jian Shuo Wang at October 7, 2006 1:05 AM
Copyright: You are free to redistribute this work, as long as you keep this disclaimer
and this link: http://home.wangjianshuo.com/archives/20061007_drive_on_the_right_in_china.htm
I am glad that China switched to 'drive on the right'. do they manufacture any Chinese cars today with steering wheels on the right side of the car?
Posted by: Shrek7 on October 7, 2006 2:03 AMVery good explore for China driving roles. Someday you or us could make another topic regarding Road History compare of China and World. From pictures you had such wonderful trip in Australia. Any idea for that land in terms of geographic issue?
Posted by: Stephen on October 7, 2006 2:50 AMThe reason Shanghai started out driving on the left is that British influence was dorminant. The old picture above was actually taken inside British colonial district (now Wai Tan). I am not sure if that driving habbit could represent China as a whole during that time.
Posted by: jqian on October 7, 2006 3:19 AMQuote: "Why people in the other countries drive in the WRONG way?"
---------
This comes from a joke! The British drive on the "wrong" side of the road because we drive on the "right" side of the road.
Get it?
Давид
Shrek7, as far as I know, there is no factory in China manufacturing "right-side steering wheel cars". I saw some cars running on the road of China with Right-Side Wheels years ago - it was a symbol of pirvated cars - the cars imported into China without paying tax. Of cause it was illegal. Recent years, I don't see this kind of cars.
Stephen, what does it mean "Any idea for that land in terms of geographic issue?". I didn't get it.
jqian, exactly. In north China, people drive on the right at the same time. The old pictures tells a lot of stories. For example, the bus is exactly like the current bus in Melbourne.
Dave G., maybe. I didn't realize "Right Way" may also mean the "correct way" in jokes. :-)
Posted by: Jian Shuo Wang (external link) on October 7, 2006 4:47 PMJian Shou, "that land in terms of geographic issue" means geographic landmarks. Australia has a very dramatic landscape. Australia is famous for its "outback," the remote lands of the interior. The desert outback covers most of the interior. It is too hot, dry and barren to support many people. Eastern Australia has large areas of grasslands, used primarily for sheep and cattle ranches. Australia also has some mountainous areas and plateaus scattered throughout the country. The Blue Mountains, on the south-eastern end of Australia, get their name from the blue haze caused by oil droplets given off from the eucalyptus trees.
There may be cars with steering wheels on the right in China (These are known as Right-Hand-Drive or RHD vehicles, as opposed to LHD). All Hong Kong vehicles coming in to Shenzhen would be RHD. Vice versa, mainland vehicles going into Hong Kong would be LHD vehicles driving on the left side.
Posted by: Herbert on October 8, 2006 10:04 AMIf I’m not mistaken it is the British influence taken from their days as being the dominate force on the high seas and in shipping. Ships pass to the starboard (to the right) and when they started using automobiles it seemed only logical to do as the ships did.
Posted by: Michael Kimball on October 10, 2006 6:41 AMHi Jian Shuo Wang,
We would like to make an interview with you on you as a blogger who spends time helping people by giving information on life in Shanghai. There is supposed to be many bloggers in China these days, but your blog stands out.
Kind regards,
Ida at Shanghai Star and China Daily
The 磁悬浮 travels on the left side. :P
I think people call it the "wrong" side as opposed to the "right" side. English puns are funny.
Posted by: Ben on October 17, 2006 7:01 AMThere is a logical reason for driving on the left side of the road and an illogical reason for driving on the right and this goes back to history. The rule for driving on the left side of the road goes back to the days of horse transport. A person riding a horse wanted to get off onto the pavement(sidewalk in North America). A horseman always gets on and off on the left side of a horse. In line with this coaches also drove on the left and the driver always sat on the right hand side of the coach even in countries that now drive on the right hand side. Laws were passed in Britain sying that cars (like boats and ships) must drive on the left. When later laws were to be passed in France apparently the feeling was that the French would do things their own way and not follow Britain. So if the British were going to drive on the left then the French were going to drive on the right! The rest of Europe and North America followed the French lead. Just as well ships and boat traffic follows the same rules all over the world. This is what I learned in school (in part of the British Empire!) so it may be just a piece of anti-French propoganda - or maybe it is true.
Great Blog Jian Shuo.
Regards,
Masoud Mahmood
You have solved a problem for me. My website has pictures of Shanghai in 1924 in which cars and trolleys and rickshaws are all on the left. I thought maybe the pictures had been reversed. I am delighted to find the people have reversed and my pictures are OK. I can't imagine the confusion when they changed. Take a look at my website at www.bucklinchinaarchive.com. There are lots of good pictures.
Posted by: Don Bucklin (external link) on January 9, 2007 10:56 PM